On Random Number Generation

Introduction Random numbers play a large and significant role in several fields and applications from cryptography to gaming to gambling. As a result, random number generators (RNGs) occupy a similarly important role. By their very nature, however, random numbers are difficult to fabricate, especially in the large quantities that they are often needed. In this paper I will discuss various topics related to random number generation. First, methods of generating “random” numbers will be explained, comparing and contrasting the two types: True Random Number Generators (TRNGs) and Pseudo-Random Number Generators (PRNGs). Methods for testing these generators will be discussed and 3 of the tests will be used to compare the output of several RNGs. Finally, attacks on random number generators will be explored, including examples of combating these attacks.